mindmap root((设计)) contrive implies ingenuity or cleverness in planning, designing, or scheming: ~d a way of helping them without their knowing it. devise stresses mental effort rather than ingenuity and often implies the reflection and experimentation that precede the bringing of something into being: ~ new dishes to tempt the palate. invent contains some notion of finding and suggests originality, especially after reflection, as the result of happy accident: the telescope was ~ed by Galileo. frame implies the exact fitting of one thing to another, as of words to thought or of the means to the end: ~ a proper reply to the letter. concoct suggests a bringing together of ingredients in new or unexpected ways that enhance their effectiveness: ~ a plausible excuse for his lateness.